Aerodynamic Drag Performance Analysis of Different Types of High-speed Train Pantograph Fairing

Zhenfeng Wu; Zihao Xie; Peng  Wang; Wangcai  Ding

doi:10.6180/jase.202009_23(3).0015

Aerodynamic Drag Performance Analysis of Different Types of High-speed Train Pantograph Fairing

Mechanical Engineering Aerospace Engineering

Zhenfeng Wu This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.¹, Zihao Xie¹, Peng Wang¹, Wangcai Ding¹

¹School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China

Received: September 19, 2019
Accepted: May 15, 2020
Publication Date: September 1, 2020

Download Citation: ||https://doi.org/10.6180/jase.202009_23(3).0015

ABSTRACT

Pantograph fairings are typically placed on top of high-speed trains, and their main function is to reduce aerodynamic noise of the pantographs, and consequently, effectively decrease the influence of noise on passengers and residents along the railway. However, the addition of pantograph fairings inevitably increases the aerodynamic drag of high-speed trains. Firstly, 2D drawings and 3D models of the three types of pantograph fairing were designed, and the car body and the pantograph fairing were installed. Secondly, the aerodynamic drag of pantograph fairings of different structure and pantograph was calculated at different speeds using computational fluid dynamics software by defining the geometric model, mathematical model, flow field, grid size and boundary condition. The simulation results show that the ellipsoidal pantograph fairing is the best in terms of the total aerodynamic drag of pantograph and fairing, followed by that of the guide surface, whereas that of the double arch is the worst. The aerodynamic drag of the ellipsoidal pantograph fairing decreased by an average of 56.7% within a speed range of 0–300 km/h compared with that of the double arch.

Keywords: High-Speed Train; Pantograph Fairing; Aerodynamic Drag; Performance Analysis; Numerical Simulation

REFERENCES

[1] Fu, Y.T., Yang, H., Ding, J.L., “Multiple operating mode ANFIS modelling for speed control of HSEMU,” IET Intelligent Transport Systems, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 31−40 (2018).
[2] Baker, C., “The flow around high speed trains,” Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 98, No. 6, pp. 266−298 (2010).
[3] Wu, Z.F., Yang, E.Y., Ding, W.C., “Design of large-scale streamlined head cars of high-speed trains and aerodynamic drag calculation,” Archives of Transport, Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 89-97 (2017).
[4] Tian, H.Q., “Formation mechanism of aerodynamic drag of high-speed train and some reduction measures,” Journal of Central South University of Technology, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 166-171 (2009).
[5] Xu, G., Liang, X.F., Yao, S.B., Chen, D.W. and Li, Z.W., “Multi-objective aerodynamic optimization of the streamlined shape of high-speed trains based on the Kriging model,” Journal Pone, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 1-14 (2017).
[6] Ku, Y.C., Rho, J.H., Yun, S.H., Kwak, M.H., Kim, K.H. and Lee, D.H., “Optimal cross-sectional area distribution of a high-speed train nose to minimize the tunnel micro-pressure wave,” Industrial Application, Vol. 42, pp. 965-976 (2010).
[7] Wang, D.P., He, Z.K., Li, M.G. and Zhao, W.Z., “Numerical research on aerodynamic drag reduction optimization of EMU,” Journal of the China Railway Society, Vol. 33, No. 10, pp. 15-18 (2011).
[8] Zhang, L., Yang, M.Z., Liang, X.F., “Experimental study on the effect of wind angles on pressure distribution of train streamlined zone and train aerodynamic forces,” Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 174, pp. 330-343 (2018).
[9] Lu, W.T., Wang, Y., Zhang, C.Q., “Numerical simulation of aerodynamic noises in the far field of the high-speed train with considering bogies and connection windshields,” Journal of Vibroengineering, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 2262-2279 (2017).
[10] Kwak, M., Yun, S., Lee, Y., Kwon, H., Kim, K. and Lee, D.H., “Optimum nose shape of a front-rear symmetric train for the reduction of the total aerodynamic drag,” Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, Vol. 27, No. 12, pp. 3733-3743 (2013).
[11] Iglesias, E.L., Thompson, D.J., Smith, M.G., “Component-based model to predict aerodynamic noise from high-speed train pantographs,” Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 394, pp. 280-305 (2017).
[12] Yang, H.X., Liu, D.M., “Numerical study on the aerodynamic noise characteristics of CRH2 high-speed trains,” Journal of Vibroengineering, Vol. 19, No. 5, pp. 3953-3967 (2017).
[13] Tian, H.Q., “Study evolvement of train aerodynamics in China,” Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 1-9 (2006).
[14] Zhang, X.F., Xiao, Y.G., Deng, H.L., “Noise source localization investigation in high speed train based on microphone array,” Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 103, pp. 285-291 (2012).
[15] Liu, Z.Q., Ma, W.H., Luo, S.H., “A study on the aerodynamic safety of skirt board structure on maglev train,” Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 138, pp. 836-841(2012).
[16] Frid, A., “Skirts and barriers for reduction of wayside noise from railway vehicles-an experimental investigation with application to the BR185 locomotive,” Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 267, pp. 709-719 (2003).
[17] Jeong, S.M., Lee, S.A., Rho, J.H., “Research of high-speed train pantograph shape design for noise and drag reduction through computational analysis,” Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 67-72 (2015).
[18] Xiao, J.P., Huang, Z.X., Chen, L., “Review of aerodynamic investigations for high speed train,” Mechanics in Engineering, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 1-12 (2013).
[19] Wang, D.P., Zhao, W.Z., Ma, S.Q., “Application of CFD numerical simulation in high speed train design,” Journal of the China Railway Society, Vol. 29, No, 5, pp. 64-68 (2007).
[20] Yang, F., Zheng, B.L., He, P.F., “Numerical simulation on aerodynamic noise of power collection equipment for high-speed trains,” Computer Aided Engineering, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 44-47 (2010).
[21] Paz, C., Suárez, E., Gil, C., “Numerical methodology for evaluating the effect of sleepers in the underbody flow of a high-speed train,” Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 167, pp. 140-147 (2017).
[22] Zhang, Z.Zh., Zhou, D., “Wind tunnel experiment on aerodynamic characteristic of streamline head of high speed train with different head shapes,” Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 2603-2608 (2013).