Heyang Song1,2This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., Beilun Hu2,3, and Guangjiong Zou1
1Chongqing Rail Transit Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd, Chongqing 401122, China
2School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
3Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering, Chongqing 402260, China
Received: August 4, 2023 Accepted: February 1, 2024 Publication Date: March 8, 2024
Copyright The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited.
Grouting, an essential technique in tunnel construction, is adopted for reinforcing surrounding rock and preventing water leakage. C-S materials, renowned for their outstanding performance, eco-friendliness, and cost-effectiveness, have become widely applied to tunnel grouting. Nevertheless, the available C-S materials on the present market encounter challenges, such as limited fluidity, swift setting time, and short working duration. In this study, through laboratory experiments, the performance variations of C-S grouting materials under various influencing circumstances were analyzed. According to experimental results, the following results are drawn: (1) Increasing the water cement ratio in cement slurry can extend the gel time of C-S grouting materials. (2) The larger the volume ratio of cement slurry to water glass, the slower the setting of C-S grouting material, and the water precipitation rate was 0. (3) Increasing the flyash content has a retarding effect on C-S grouting materials though it improves fluidity. The water separation rate increases as the flyash content increases. (4) When the water cement ratio was 0.8, the volume ratio of cement paste to water glass was 1:1, the parameter of primary fly ash was 20%, and the parameter of disodium hydrogen phosphate was 3%, the properties of C-S grouting material can be effectively improved. The modified C-S material mix ratio proposed in the study can be further tested and verified during tunnel construction, gradually improving grouting parameters, and has important guiding significance for the development of tunnel grouting reinforcement plans.
Keywords: C-S materials; gel time; rheological property; water separation rate
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