Distributed Secondary Control Strategy for the Islanded DC Microgrid Based on Virtual DC Machine Control

Li  Li; Zhiquan  Wu; Haiyu  Zhang; Xin  Zhang; Yingying  Li; Lin  Zhu; Huihui  Song

doi:10.6180/jase.202505_28(5).0012

Distributed Secondary Control Strategy for the Islanded DC Microgrid Based on Virtual DC Machine Control

Li Li¹, Zhiquan Wu², Haiyu Zhang³, Xin Zhang⁴, Yingying Li⁴, Lin Zhu⁵, and Huihui Song³This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

¹School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China

²SPIC Yunnan International Power Investment Co., Ltd, Kunming, 650000, China

³School of New Energy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai 264200, China

⁴Institute of New Energy Technology, State Power Investment Corporation Research Institute, Co., Ltd, Beijing, China

⁵Yunnan Power Investment Green Energy Technology Co., Ltd, SPIC Yunnan International Power Investment Co., Ltd. Kunming, 650000, China

Received: May 3, 2024
Accepted: June 24, 2024
Publication Date: July 11, 2024

Copyright The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited.

Download Citation: ||https://doi.org/10.6180/jase.202505_28(5).0012

The virtual DC machine (VDCM) control can integrate characteristics of the DC machine into an energy storage converter to provide damping and inertia support for the DC microgrid. However, on the one hand, the droop characteristics of the VDCM inevitably lead to steady-state voltage deviations. On the other hand, the difference in the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage unit (ESU) is not taken into account, making it difficult to achieve SOC balance among the ESUs. To address these challenges, firstly, a hierarchical control architecture for an islanded DC microgrid based on the VDCM is presented. Secondly, to obtain the system average voltage and the average SOC of the ESUs, a distributed voltage observer and SOC observer based on the dynamic consensus algorithm are presented. Thirdly, the secondary voltage controller and SOC controller are proposed, which are implemented by introducing voltage compensation and power compensation into the VDCM. Finally, a simulation platform is established. The simulation results show that the proposed method can realize voltage regulation and SOC balance under various communication topologies. Specifically, under the ring communication topology, the secondary control objectives can still be realized even in the event of communication failures or converter failures.

Keywords: DC microgrid; Virtual DC machine control; Secondary control; State of charge

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